Background and aims: the MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS over a large percent of occupational diseases, therefore, in order to protect workers from such DISORDERS, there is a need to evaluate workers positions at work in different jobs. There are several methods to evaluate risk factors causing work - related MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS. this study perform on bakers population of four different types of bakeries(Tafton davar,Tafton sonnati, sangak and baget) and we evaluated (WMSDS) causal risk factors by OCRA Index technique. Methods: In this research four data gathering methods including observational, interview ,questioner and check list were utilized. Totally 423 samples by proportional cluster sampling method collected and we used spss15 soft ware for statistical analysis. Results: The results of this investigation demonstrated that maximum mean value of OCRA index in left and right hands were related to shatery task in sangak bakery (OCRA index=14.99).finally,56.5,67.4,77.3 and 75 percent of all tasks at Tafton davar,Tafton sonnati, sangak and baget bakeries respectively were in the red area also our results showed that only ,left and right hands OCRA index means of nandari , forushandegi and nandara/forushandegi tasks were equivalent. Conclusion: with regarding to this point that major of tasks in the bakery job locate in the red zone therefore attention to this problem is necessary and use of ergonomics controls to eliminate or reduce exposure of workers to the ergonomics stressors associated with the development of (WMSDS) is recommended.

Aim: One of the major global occupational diseases and injuries is MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS, which leads to increased costs and reduced working productivity. It is essential to assess the risk factors that influence development of these diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risk factors affecting WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS ((WMSDS)) in the food industry using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. Methods: In this study, 46 occupational risk factors related to MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS in the food sector were selected from related articles and classified according to the 4m method. Fuzzy DEMATEL study is designed and delivered to experts. Finally, these risk factors were evaluated using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. Findings: The cause- effect relationship between 46 risk factors was determined using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. According to results, the age factor (D-R=2.26) has a greater influence compared to other identified risk factors (is the most causal) and the job satisfaction factor compared to other identified risk factors, is the most influential factor (D-R=-2.26). According to the results, the most important risk factor is the duration of work (D+R=7.46) and the least important is related to the genetic risk factor (D+R=2.64). Conclusion: The DEMATEL method allows us to better plan and solve problems. In this way, in order to better understand cause-effect relationships, we can divide several criteria into cause-effect groups to build a correlation map.

Introduction: The condition of work in handloom weaving industries cause MUSCULOSKELETAL (MSDS) DISORDERS which are the most prevailing professional problem among weavers. The aim of this research was to determine ergonomic risk factors in the occurrence of MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS. Method: The present study was done through descriptive cross-section method to assess the risk factors of WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS of the weavers. Our data collection tools were: demographic questionnaire, job Nordic questionnaire and body map prevalence of MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS to decide the rate of symptoms. Then, we took film from handloom weavers while wearing to know the condition of their bodies. After reviewing the films, the posture marks was assigned to each duty using the Ergo Intelligence software. At the end, data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and T-test using SPSS ver. 20. Results: The results showed that the most frequent incidence of pain in different organs of the body during last year belonged to neck and shoulder. The average OCRA was 3. 65. This indicated that most of the handloom weavers (64. 4%) are at high risk. Conclusion: According to the re According to the results of OCRA indices, weavers are at high risk for MUSCULOSKELETAL injuries, indicating their poor working environment and working conditions, indicating the need for corrective actions.